Abstract
ABSTRACT The influence of temperature in the range 15 to 75° C on the extraction of thorium( IV) and uranium( VI) from nitric acid solutions into ligroine solutions of 2-ethylhexyl phenylphosphonic acid ( HEHφ P) micellar dinonyl naphthalene sulphonic acid ( HDNNS) extractants and mixture of the two extractants is reported. From the variation of the distribution ratio with temperature, the enthalpy changes associated with the extraction were determined, and an attempt was made to estimate the free energy and entropy changes associated with the extraction process. The results indicate that the extraction of thorium is favored by both entropy change and enthalpy change when the solvent is HEHφ P and the mixture of HEHOP and HDNNS, but entropy controlled when HDNNS is the extractant. On the other hand, the extraction of uranium by HEHφ P is enthalpy controlled but favored by entropy change when the solvent is HDNNS or a mixture of the two ligands. Temperature did not affect the extraction stoichiometry.
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