Abstract
This work is a review of scientific papers on the influence of temperature (T) on the biosorption of various dyes from aqueous solutions and wastewaters. The dyeing process of textiles is usually carried out at high temperatures, and therefore, the wastewater generated there when entering the treatment plant may still be hot. Hence, depending on the climatic conditions of a given region, the biosorption method used for their purification may occur at various temperatures. Most of the papers clearly stated the positive influence of T on biosorption, generally indicating the chemical nature of this process. At the same time, substantial number of authors confirmed the positive effect of T on the biosorption with an initial T-rise from approximately 20 °C to about 30–40 °C range; conversely, at higher temperatures, they indicated a decrease in the biosorption efficiency. Additionally, many authors clearly implied the negative impact of T on the biosorption parameters. They generally envisaged the physical nature of this process, but also indicated its limitation, as there was only a 15%–50% reduction in biosorption efficiency with an increase in T. In addition, an attempt was made to analyse the effect of temperature on the biosorption process, depending on the type of dye. It could then be cautiously suggested that a moderate increase in the T parameter favourably affected the biosorption of the red and reactive dyes.
Highlights
Acid and reactive dyes are most commonly used as sorbate, as these dyes are frequently found in dye sludges; reactive dyes are most often biosorbed on bacteria and algae
Biosorption is most often carried out at pH range 1–3, as it promotes the biosorption of acid and reactive dyes
The analysed papers do not indicate a clear effect of temperature on the biosorption depending on the sorbate used—acid, reactive or basic dye
Summary
It turns out that as much as 2% of the dyes produced are discharged directly into wastewater These dyes appear in the outflow from the treatment plants because the effectiveness of their immobilization is often unsatisfactory [2]. In the treatment of dye-based wastewaters, adsorption methods are often employed The efficiency of these methods is usually determined using parameters assessed from the well-known Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. These dyes appear in the outflow from the treatment plants because the effectiveness of their biosorption often variety of materials—biosorbents, such as fungi,wastewaters, yeast, moulds, aerobic immobilization is uses oftenaunsatisfactory [2]. The effect anaerobic bacteria, leaves,ofshells, almonds or rice, wood, sawdust, various plants, of temperature on thealgae, biosorption dyes isnuts, very important, because the dyeing process is agricultural waste orat seafood and many others. The influence of temperature on the rate of chemical reaction in the simplest way is determined sewage
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