Abstract
Abstract
 
 End stage renal disease (ESRD) is currently a global problem because of its increasing prevalence. Hemodialysis is the main management in ESRD patients. The importance of assessing the adequacy of dialysis greatly influences the quality and continuity of the patient's life. This paper is a literature review to identify the effect of i tai chi exercise on the adequacy of hemodialysis in ESRD patients. The authors used several databases to search for literary sources to be studied, namely Web of Science, EBSCO, PubMed, and Google Scholar. It was found that tai chi is a safe therapy less complications and have beneficial for ESRD patients. Tai chi can suppress bone reabsorption, improve functional balance and strength, increase the rate of blood in the muscles, increase capillary size and surface area which results in increased movement of toxins and urea in cells that move to the vascular eventually towards the hemodialysis machine. In addition, tai chi can be beneficial to make circulation smooth, reduce blood pressure, and facilitate the release of lactic acid so that it can reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Tai chi is recommended as a treatment modality choice to increase the adequacy of hemodialysis in ESRD patients.
 
 Keywords: adequate dialysis, ESRD, hemodialysis, intradialysis exercise, tai chi.
Highlights
End stage renal disease (ESRD) is a condition in which the kidneys are damaged and cannot filter blood like a healthy kidney, which will cause excess fluid and failure to release substances from the body so that it can cause other health problems (1)
The results showed that after the patient performed the tai chi intradialytic movement in the first second hour of the dialysis session for 45 minutes consisting of 5 minutes of warm-up, 35 minutes of tai chi, 5 minutes of cooling along with the respiratory arrangement would improve quality of life, minimize bone reabsorption, and helps to maintain and increase 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in ESRD patients (16)
The study explained that tai chi was considered effective in ESRD patients to improve patients' quality of life, reduce blood pressure and body mass index, maintain normal kidney function, and improve physical health from quality of life related to health
Summary
End stage renal disease (ESRD) is a condition in which the kidneys are damaged and cannot filter blood like a healthy kidney, which will cause excess fluid and failure to release substances from the body so that it can cause other health problems (1). Therapy that can be given to ERSD patients includes peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation. In handling especially ESRD cases, hemodialysis therapy is one of the therapies that continues to grow and increase every year (7). It was recorded, 92% or 385,851 patients underwent hemodialysis therapy and the remaining 8% or 31,840 patients performed peritoneal dyalysis intervention. This paper will discuss the literature on the effect of tai chi exercise on the adequacy of hemodialysis in ESRD patients. The articles inclusion criteria was (1) the article discuss about the effect of tai chi exercise on the adequacy of hemodialysis among ESRD patients; and (2) English full-text article. Search are limited from January 2006 to Desember 2018
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