Abstract
Since global warming has reached critical levels, limitations have been placed on the use of certain fluoride-containing refrigerants by F-Gas regulations. The EU F-Gas Regulation has introduced quotas for the use of refrigerants with a global warming potential(GWP) greater than 150. Hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs) from restricted refrigerants are widely used in heat pump systems. Considering the environmental impact of these refrigerants, it is important to look for long-term alternatives to comply with F-gas regulations. Hydrocarbon(HC) refrigerants are shown as suitable alternatives for heat pump applications. R290 as HC refrigerant is a potential refrigerant suitable for existing HFCs systems due to zero ODP and low GWP. In heat pump systems, there are many system components or parameters that are effective in condensing the air passing through the evaporator. It is very important to know how these elements affect the condensation performance in different design situations. In this study, the effect of different parameters such as capillary length, charge amount and evaporator tube volume on the condensation performance of a R290 hydrocarbon refrigerant heat pump was investigated by the experimental design approach. The experimental results obtained was compared with the theoretical model. It has been determined that the most effective parameter on the condensation performance is the capillary tube length with the effect of 35%.
Highlights
CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs, which types of refrigerants, were widely used in commercial or household appliances in the last couple of decades
Nawaz et al [14] developed a component-based model to evaluate the performance of R290 and R600a, which could be alternative to R134a in a heat pump water heating system
The results of the analysis showed that the charge required for the R290 and R600a system was reduced by 50% compared to the reference R134 system, that the shortest run time was obtained at R290 and that R600a's run time was 33% longer than R134a
Summary
CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs, which types of refrigerants, were widely used in commercial or household appliances in the last couple of decades. Zhou et al [22] compared the system performances of a split type air conditioner with R22 and R290 with various operating conditions Their results indicated that the refrigerant charge and mass flow rate of R290 were only 44% and 47% of R22, and R290 had 4.7- 6.7% lower cooling capacity and 12.1- 12.3% lower input power than R22. Results showed that COP and heating capacity of the HPWH with optimal mass fraction blends were 11% and 17.5%, respectively, higher than those of the R22 scheme at the nominal condition. Devotta et al [32] studied R290 refrigerant as an alternative to R22 in window air conditioners Their results demonstrated that the cooling capacity and energy consumption of R290 were lower than those of R22 by 6.6 to 9.7% and 12.4 to 13.5%, respectively. They indicated that the intensity and direction of nanoparticle migration are able to manage the thermophysical properties of nanofluids, as well as the control of flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer, in order to improve the cooling performance
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