Abstract
The effect of surfactants on the rate of hydrolysis of esters, using benzocaine as an example, is reported for a homologous series of alkali-stable nonionic surfactants, and with cationic and anionic surfactants. It was found that the hydrolysis rate of the ester in the alkali-stable nonionic surfactants varies with the concentration of the surfactant more than with the length of the polyoxyethylene chain of the surfactant. Hydrolysis apparently takes place within the micelle, as well as in the aqueous phase. Anionic and cationic surfactants appear to stabilize the drug to base catalysis, resulting in an eighteen-fold increase in half-life in 5 per cent lauryl sulfate solutions. A dilute solution of the quaternary, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, slightly accelerates the rate of hydrolysis.
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