The effect of surface-modified silver nanoparticles on the inflammatory component of the intragingival peri-implant area

Abstract

Aim: to evaluate the intensity of the gingival inflammatory component in the peri-implant area by studying the mucous membrane bleeding in the implant area according to the papilla bleeding index (PBI), when using healing abutments with a surface modified with silver nanoparticles (AgNP). Materials and methods. 40 patients undergoing rehabilitation for secondary partial adentia by the method of dental implantation were enrolled in the study and divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (20 patients) – healing abutments with the surface modified by the method of plasma electrooxidation and AgNP-doped were fixed; Group 2 (20 patients) – standard healing abutments of the implant system used with a polished surface were fixed. The control group (20 patients) – to determine reference values. A total of 60 patients were involved in the study. The degree of bleeding was measured according to the PBI. The mucous membrane thickness was assessed using an endodontic reamer. Results. There was no statistically significant difference in bleeding level 0 between Groups 1 and 2, but the study group was significantly different from the control group (p < 0.001). According to the bleeding level 3, there was a statistically significant difference between Groups 1 and 2, the study group was (12.7 %) versus 48.5 % (p < 0.001). In addition, the study group was significantly different from the control group (p = 0.019), but this was due to the fact that the measurements were taken directly from the wound surface and the comparison was made to understand inflammatory manifestations as a whole. According to bleeding level 4, there were no patients with this level in the study group, but in the comparison group there were 19.2 % of those (p < 0.001). Based on the results of the data obtained, it is advisable to consider effective use of the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles to reduce the gingival inflammatory component in the peri-implant area. Conclusions. The use of the bleeding index (PBI) is appropriate in the clinical diagnosis of inflammatory processes in the peri-implant area. Reduction of levels 3, 4 bleeding in the peri-implant area by 35.8 % and 19.2 %, respectively, in patients using healing abutments coated with AgNP compared to polished ones, indicates a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect of the proposed AgNP-doped surface. The absence of a statistical difference in the mucous membrane thickness of the studied areas between the groups allows us to consider the obtained results as consequences of the silver nanoparticle impact with an antibacterial effect. The result of this study allows recommending the proposed AgNP-doped surface for use in clinical practice.