Abstract
Aim Taurine is believed to have antioxidant properties and has been implicated in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and prostate cancer. This research focused on taurine inhibition effects of expression related to migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition- (EMT-) A549 study on related genes of human being non-small-cell lung cancer. Methods MTT assays assessed cell viability and a RadiusTM assay showed that taurine also inhibited the lung cancer cell migration. Using RT-PCR and Western blot, the migration and EMT markers were identified and evaluated. Results We found that taurine significantly decreased the expression of migration markers matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In contrast, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 (TIMP-2) expressions were increased with taurine treatment. In addition, we found an association between taurine treatment and the expression of EMT markers. The expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin and the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin TWIST-1 was decreased, but the expression of zinc finger protein SNAIL-1 and E-zinc finger homeobox 1 (ZEB-1) was increased. Conclusion Taken together, our study strongly suggests the therapeutic significance of taurine, which possesses antimigration activity and induces EMT markers expression in lung cancer cells.
Highlights
Worldwide, lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rate among all malignancies-related deaths mostly in men and smoking is known to be the primary cause [1,2,3]
We found that taurine significantly decreased the expression of migration markers matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
We found an association between taurine treatment and the expression of Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. e expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin and the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin TWIST-1 was decreased, but the expression of zinc finger protein SNAIL-1 and E-zinc finger homeobox 1 (ZEB-1) was increased
Summary
Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rate among all malignancies-related deaths mostly in men and smoking is known to be the primary cause [1,2,3]. E initial step in tumor metastasis is the invasion of cancer cell. E invasion of this cancer cell takes place in surrounding tissue and vasculature. E protrusive activity of the cell membrane and the attachment to the extracellular matrix induce chemotic migration which is required for the invasion [4]. Tumor cell can secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which stimulates migration and proliferation and prolongs the survival of quiescent endothelial cells by activating transduction pathways [5, 6]. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) belong to the endopeptidases family which is significant in cancer metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) tissue inhibitors regulate the active MMPs tightly [8]. TIMP-1–4 play a necessary role in the regulation of MMP factors [9]
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