Abstract
Objective: To determine the effects breadfruit leaf extract (Artocaptus altilis)in Wistar rats, which had induced renal ischemic-reperfusion injury, with evaluation of serum cystatin C level and kidney histopatologic findings. Material & Methods: A total of 30 Wistar rats, three groups of ten, were included in the study and were performed in Bandung Eijkman Animal Laboratory. In group I (sham group), a right nephrectomy was done. In group II (control), a right nephrectomy was also done and the left renal pedicles were occluded for 60 minutes and reperfused for 60 minutes. In group III (treatment), the treatment was equal with group II, and breadfruit leaf extract (4.75%) was administered intraperitoneally. At the end of the study, a left nephrectomy was performed on all groups. Afterward, serum cystatin C levels and kidney histopathological findings of all rats were examined. Data were analyzed by an unpaired numerically comparative analysis with SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The mean of serum Cystatin C in group I was 3183.2 ± 680.9 pg/dL, group II was 3776.4 ± 326.7pg/dL, and group III was 3492.7 ± 1.326.7pg/dL. The mean of histopathology renal score was also assessed, group I was 4.4 ± 0.52, group II was 8.6 ± 0.84, and group III was6.3 ± 1.70. Comparative test of serum cystatin C level, using ANOVA test and Benferroni post hoc test, in the treatment group has a p-value of > 0.05, it showed that there were no significant differences on the value of cystatin C level on the treatment group. In correlation test of renal histopathology score, suing Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney post hoc test has a p-value of < 0.05, therefore there were significant differences on the mean value of renal histopathology score in the treatment group, with Eta correlation coefficient 0.847. Conclusion: The beneficial effects of breadfruit leaf extract can be attributed to its protective effects on renal cells damage. This treatment has an important role in reducing renal injury resulting from renal ischemia-reperfusion. However, breadfruit leaf extract did not significantly improve renal function based on serum cystatin C level. 
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