Abstract
The keeping quality of fruits is a very important factor in storage point of view, since it could be elongated the consumption time of fruits. In many cases the storage may be necessary, e.g. in short time it is not able to market due to the rich harvest, or all fruits could sell in markets throughout the year. The keeping quality of various fruit species is greatly different; moreover it could be observed some differences between the varieties as well. In our research, we have investigated the spectral properties of the external surface and fl esh of two ripe apple varieties – Jonagored and Granny Smith – before and after storage (about 3°C and about three weeks). The hyperspectral investigation was carried out with AvaSpec-2048 Fiber Optic Spectrometer. The experimental results represented the differences between healthy and chilling injured apple fruits. Furthermore, some indices were created to given countenance to the spectral differences.
Highlights
The total apple production of the world ranges is more than 69 million tonnes
The reflectance spectra were measured by AvaSpec 2048 Fiber Optic Spectrometer within 400–1000 nm interval
Some parameters could be investigated based on spectral curves in the visible (VIS) and near infrared (NIR) ranges to detect the chilling injury of fruits during the storage
Summary
The total apple production of the world ranges is more than 69 million tonnes. Regarding the harvested area, Asia has a leading role as about 66% of apple is produced here. Membrane damage is often followed by a cascade of secondary effects, such as ethylene production, an increase in respiration, a decrease in photosynthesis, and an alteration of cellular structure causing the fruits to be more susceptible to diseases This injury first appears as a very slight browning discoloration of the flesh, sometimes accompanied by core browning (El. Masry et al, 2009). In case of very high spectral resolution reflectance data, such as from hyperspectral sensors, could be used the Red Edge Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI705) and the Modified Red Edge Simple Ratio (mSR705) indices. These indexes are more sophisticated measures of general quantity and vigor of green vegetation than the broadband greenness vegetation indexes. The Browning Reflectance Index could provide information about senescent of leaves and/or ripening of fruits too (Chivkunova et al, 2001)
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