The effect of stacking sequence on the tensile properties of jute fibre reinforced hybrid composite material for axial flow fan blades: An experimental and finite element investigation

Abstract

Axial flow fans are used extensively in industrial applications to provide the airflow needed for heat and mass transfer requirements. Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymers are often used in axial flow fan blades. These glass fibres are synthetic and have a very high stiffness and strength to weight ratio. However, composite reinforcement including such fibres, particularly towards the end of their service life, has negative environmental and human health effects since they are not biodegradable. On the other hand, certain natural fibres, such as jute, are becoming more popular with academicians and researchers because of their environmental friendliness and sustainability, making them attractive for use in polymer composites. As biofuels are only able to be blended with conventional diesel to save fuel when no engine replacement is required, likewise, it must be determined to what extent natural fibres can be used in conventional components without significantly affecting mechanical properties and improving biodegradability after service life. In this study, an 18-ft axial flow fan blade material (GFRP) with 14 layers of glass fibres in various forms was considered as C1 and tested for tensile characteristics according to ASTM D-638. Cases C2 to C6 were examined and tested by substituting one layer of GFRP with woven jute and keeping it in different positions within the GFRP. Using finite element software ANSYS R19.2, by changing the number of woven jute layers, and their position the effect of the layup sequence was also investigated. Based on experimental and numerical results, the best layup sequence with partial woven jute reinforcements for GFRP blades was recommended,which does not substantially influence tensile characteristics but enhances biodegradability after service life.