Abstract
This study aimed to explore lipid extracts of different types of Adriatic macroalgae (Cystoseira barbata, Codium bursa, Cystoseira compressa and Fucus virsoides) as affected by different extraction methods (agitation assisted extraction and pressurized liquid extraction at 25 and 100 °C) and solvents (hexane and ethyl acetate: ethanol (1:1, v/v)). Extract yields of all algal species were relatively low with the highest yield obtained for F. virsoides (0.64%). Palmitic, oleic and linolenic fatty acid were found to be dominant in all tested species while the contents of ω-3 eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic fatty acids were the highest in C. compressa and C. barbata, respectively. F. virsoides extracts had highest content of pigments which were also significantly affected by the solvent type with ethyl acetate:ethanol showing better efficiency. Even though pressurized liquid extraction did not result in higher lipid extract yield, contents of carotenoids and total pigments were the highest in pressurized liquid extraction samples obtained at 100 °C. To access the additional information for the differentiation of algae species, sterol composition was determined. Widest sterol range was found in C. barbata with the predominant fucosterol. Also, more than 90% of F. virsoides sterol profile was composed of fucosterol while β-sitosterol was predominant in C. bursa and C. compressa.
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