Abstract
When e-textile EMG electrodes are integrated into clothing, the fit of the clothing on the body, and therefore its pattern and cut become important factors affecting the EMG signal quality in relation to the seamless contact between the skin and the e-textile electrode. The research so far on these effects was conducted on commercially available clothing or in tubular sleeve forms for arms. There is no study that investigated different clothing pattern and fit conditions and their effect on e-textile EMG electrode performance. This study investigates the effect of clothing pattern and fit in EMG applications using e-textile electrodes integrated onto the sleeves of custom drafted t-shirts in set-in and raglan sleeve pattern variations. E-textile electrode resistance, signal-to-noise ratio (SNRdB), power spectral density and electrode–skin impedance are measured and evaluated in set-in sleeve and raglan sleeve conditions with participants during a standardized arm movement protocol in comparison to the conventional hydrogel Ag/AgCl electrodes. The raglan sleeve pattern, widely used in athletic wear to provide extra ease for the movement of the shoulder joint, showed superior performance and therefore indicated the pattern and cut of a garment could have significant effect on EMG signal quality in designing smart clothing.
Highlights
Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic recording system routinely used in clinical applications to measure electrical activity of striated muscles as voltage and get information about the health condition of neuron groups that stimulate these muscles
This study investigates the effect clothing pattern and cut in EMG applications using e-textile electrodes integrated onto the sleeves of custom drafted t-shirts in set-in and raglan sleeve pattern variations
Collected EMG signals under three different conditions were analyzed using MATLAB according to the EMG signal forms, frequencies and SNRdB values to evaluate the effect of sleeve pattern on embroidered EMG electrode performance in comparison to conventional hydrogel electrodes applied to the bare skin
Summary
Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic recording system routinely used in clinical applications to measure electrical activity of striated muscles as voltage and get information about the health condition of neuron groups that stimulate these muscles. Cho et al employed e-textile ECG electrodes embroidered into an inflated shape to improve skin contact and non-elastic base fabric under the e-textile electrode to reduce signal-to-noise from stretch of the clothing during wearer’s movements [13]. Authors integrated these e-textile electrodes into different conditions created by elastic straps embedded in a shirt in horizontal, cross and x forms and compared the dynamic displacement of electrodes relative to the movement of the upper limbs and the torso in these conditions. E-textile electrode resistance, signal-to-noise ratio (SNRdB), power spectral density and electrode–skin impedance are measured and evaluated in set-in sleeves and raglan sleeves with participants during a standardized arm movement protocol in comparison to the conventional hydrogel Ag/AgCl electrodes
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