The effect of short-term nasal CPAP therapy in cases of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Abstract

Recent studies have shown that nasal CPAP is very effective in the treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). To clarify the characteristics of pulmonary function testing and to evaluate the effect of short term nasal CPAP therapy in 13 cases of OSA patients, nasal CPAP was used for 10 to 14 days and polysonography was performed on two consecutive nights without nasal CPAP and at one night with nasal CPAP. Pulmonary function tests and the Uchida-Kraepelin test were performed before the initiation of nasal CPAP therapy and also 7 to 14 days after the nasal CPAP therapy. Apnea index reduced significantly in all cases from 5.10 +/- 19.6 episodes/hour without therapy to 3.1 +/- 3.5 with nasal CPAP (p less than 0.001). Nasal CPAP significantly reduced the frequency of obstructive (p less than 0.001) and mixed apnea (p less than 0.01), but the frequency of central apnea did not change with nasal CPAP. During the nasal CPAP, mean nadir SaO2 rose from 87.3 +/- 2.9% to 92.7 +/- 1.1% (p less than 0.001) and the lowest SaO2 rose from 73.3 +/- 6.4% to 92.0 +/- 2.1% (p less than 0.001). Before the nasal CPAP therapy, daytime PaO2 was 80.6 +/- 6.4 Torr and closing capacity (CC)/FRC ratio was higher when patients were in a supine than in a sitting position. After short term nasal CPAP therapy, daytime PaO2 increased significantly (p less than 0.001), and FRC/TLC in a supine position increased and CC/FRC in a supine position decreased in some patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)