Abstract
The accurate prediction of the permeability is the key to optimizing the molding process of fiber reinforced composites, thus to improve the composite quality, and reduce the material and labor costs in the manufacturing process. In this paper, the permeability of 2.5D woven preform with shear deformation was studied by experiments and numerical simulations. The permeabilities of the samples under various shear angles were measured by the radial flow method. An RVE (representative volume element) model based on the fabric microstructure and shear deformation is developed to predict the permeability of preform and the simulation results are compared with experiments value to verify the effectiveness of this model. Using this model, the effect of the fiber volume fraction on the permeability of the 2.5D woven preform was determined. Based on the structural characteristics, experimental and simulation results of the 2.5D woven preform, an empirical equation for predicting its permeability under shear deformation was formulated. The prediction accuracy of the equation was evaluated, and the equation was used to determine the change of permeability with shear deformation for the 2.5D woven preform.
Highlights
Resin transfer molding (RTM) has become an increasingly important technique for the fabrication of the composite materials in the automotive, aviation, and marine industries
A finite element model of the unit cell was established for the four different shear angles, to take into account the changes in yarn morphology caused by the shear deformation
Shear deformation was the main type of fabric deformation, whose degree could be quantified by the shear angle
Summary
Resin transfer molding (RTM) has become an increasingly important technique for the fabrication of the composite materials in the automotive, aviation, and marine industries. Through accurate simulation of the process, RTM could be optimized to improve the quality of formed products, to reduce material and labor costs in the manufacturing process. Among the numerous fiber reinforcement composites, 2.5D woven preform is a new type of three-dimensional woven reinforcement with good interlaminar properties and impact resistance. It can be woven by machine without requiring manual fiber placement, thereby significantly increasing the production efficiency and lowering the production costs [2,3,4,5,6]
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