Abstract
Tailoring the shape of nanoscale materials enables obtaining morphology-controlled surfaces exhibiting specific interactions with reactants during catalytic reactions. The specifics of nanoparticle surfaces control the catalytic performance, i.e., activity and selectivity. In this study, shape-controlled Platinum (Pt) and Palladium (Pd) nanoparticles with distinct morphology were produced, i.e., cubes and cuboctahedra for Pt and spheres and polyhedra/multiple-twins for Pd, with (100), (111 + 100), curved/stepped and (111) facets, respectively. These particles with well-tuned surfaces were subsequently deposited on a Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) support. The morphological characteristics of the particles were determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while their adsorption properties were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of CO adsorbed at room temperature. The effect of the nanoparticle shape and surface structure on the catalytic performance in hydrodechlorination (HDCl) of trichloroethylene (TCE) was examined. The results show that nanoparticles with different surface orientations can be employed to affect selectivity, with polyhedral and multiply-twinned Pd exhibiting the best ethylene selectivity.
Highlights
Chlorine containing organic molecules have been widely used in industry as dry cleaning solvents for degreasing, as intermediates for the production of refrigerants [1,2] or for micro structured silicon carbide films in semiconductor production [3]
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of CO adsorbed at room temperature
The results show that nanoparticles with different surface orientations can be employed to affect selectivity, with polyhedral and multiply-twinned Pd exhibiting the best ethylene selectivity
Summary
Chlorine containing organic molecules have been widely used in industry as dry cleaning solvents for degreasing, as intermediates for the production of refrigerants [1,2] or for micro structured silicon carbide films in semiconductor production [3]. Trichloroethylene (TCE), being a chlorinated organic solvent, is a volatile molecule and exposure to TCE causes liver and lung tumor in mice, kidney and cervix cancer, serious central nervous problems and is potentially carcinogen for humans [3,10]. Environmental concerns motivate developing an efficient elimination of those chemicals, preferentially by converting them to less harmful or even useful chemicals. In this respect, catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDCl) is one of the most suitable reactions, involving noble metals such as platinum or palladium converting chlorinated organic compounds
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