Abstract
Acute exercise transiently suppresses appetite, oftentimes in an intensity dependent manner. However, the majority of prior work only included young adult males, and did not explore the effects of sex on exercise-induced appetite measures. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of exercise intensity and sex on appetite responses in middle-age adult males and females. METHODS: Untrained males (n = 5; age: 46.8 ± 5.8 y; BMI; 22.5 ± 0.84 kg/m2 VO2peak: 34.7 ± 6.7 mL/kg/min) and females (n = 4; age: 43.8 ± 5.4 y; BMI 22.2 ± 0.94 kg/m2;VO2peak: 28.15 ± 2.3 mL/kg/min) completed 3 conditions in a randomized, crossover design: control (C), moderate intensity exercise (at the lactate threshold (LT); MOD), or high intensity (75% of the difference between LT and VO2 peak; HI) exercise. Exercise intensity was determined from a maximal incremental cycle ergometer test. Venous blood was sampled at the end of each 3-min stage and analyzed for lactate. Visits occurred in the morning after an overnight fast. All exercise sessions were calorically matched within subjects. Subjective appetite parameters were assessed via visual analogue scales (VAS) during each condition at: 0 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes. Area-under-the curve values were calculated using the trapezoidal method for each VAS component. RESULTS: Preliminary inspection of data suggest perception of hunger (units = mm*120 min-1; males: C: 491.1 ± 291.7 MOD: 355.8 ± 107.8, HI: 351.6 ± 129.2;females: C: 539.6 ± 69.5, MOD: 419.6 ± 106.9, HI: 409.5 ± 67.5) satisfaction (males: C: 420.6 ± 174.9, MOD: 293.7 ± 187.65, HI: 395.3 ± 197.05; females: C: 279.0 ± 239.7 MOD: 342.4 ± 159.6, HI: 382.0 ± 146.4), fullness (males: C: 393.6 ± 154.3, MOD: 266.1 ± 163.8, HI: 398.6 ± 176.5; females: C: 247.5 ± 241.2, MOD: 264.4 ± 215.5, HI: 411.5 ± 159.9), and how much you think you can eat (males: C: 653.7 ± 225.9, M: 573.9 ± 239.2, HI: 460.2 ± 248.9; females: CON: 684.4 ± 192.1, MOD: 545.6 ± 107.4, HIGH: 731.0 ± 150.2), are affected in an intensity dependent manner with differing responses between middle aged males and females. CONCLUSIONS: Both exercise intensity and sex may impact subjective ratings of appetite. Supported by The University of Virginia School of Education and Human Development, and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (1R01DK12950-01)
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