Abstract
The effects of semen quality on reproductive efficiency in cattle are well-documented but only modestly understood. Despite 60-plus years of commercial experience in artificial insemination (AI) in the bovine, and an accompanying number of years in research and technology adaptation, our ability to use in-vitro assessments of semen quality to predict the fertility potential of a semen sample seldom explains more than 50% to 60% of the variation among males. Opportunities for enhanced accuracy of fertility predictions may reside in identification of novel semen attributes associated with male fertility; however, an equal amount of progress may reside in greater recognition of the inherent accuracy limitations of sire fertility estimates, which in-turn may facilitate more appropriate use and interpretation of presently available measures of semen quality.
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