The effect of selective retrieval practice on forgetting rates in younger and older adults.

Abstract

Recent findings demonstrate that selective retrieval practice (SRP), specifically the retrieval of subparts of material, not just retrieval of the entire encoded material, can enhance later memory performance. We present two experiments that investigated whether SRP enhances memory performance among older adults. We also examined to what extent this effect is enhanced by the level of integration of the studied material. We used a design that contrasts the performance of the groups in conditions with and without SRP. This design also allowed us to examine whether older adults present with faster forgetting compared to younger individuals when assessed over a long delay. In both experiments, participants were exposed to a learning phase in which they had to achieve a criterion of 70% correct recall and were then tested at 1 month. The SRP for the experimental group occurred 1 day and 1 week after the learning phase (the control group received no SRP). None of the items at 1-month delay was probed in the retrieval practice. Experiment 1 used integrated material (four short stories). Experiment 2 used less integrated material (16 sentences). Both age groups showed a decline in memory performance over 1 month, however, groups tested repeatedly showed better performance (irrespective of age or material). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).