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Abstract
Various organs of <i>Hippeastrum</i> infected by <i>Phoma narcissi</i>, infested with mite, <i>Steneotarsonemus laticeps</i> or mechanically wounded, produce red pigment on the surface of injured tissues. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of salicylic (SA) and acetylsalicylic acids (ASA) (inhibitors of biosynthesis of jasmonates and ethylene) on red pigment formation in wounded scales of bulbs of <i>Hippeastrum</i> and on the mycelium growth of <i>P. narcissi</i> <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>. SA and ASA at a concentration of 1 and 2 mM partially inhibited the formation of red pigment in wounded scales, first of all in first 2 days after treatment. The growth and development of <i>P. narcissi</i> on basal plate and scales of longitudinally cut <i>Hippeastrum</i> bulb treated with SA and ASA (1 and 2 mM) was similar as in control. SA (50 µg·cm<sup>-3</sup>) and ASA (250 µg·cm<sup>-3</sup>) inhibited the mycelium growth of <i>P. narcissi</i> on PDA medium, and concentration of 1000 µg·cm<sup>-3</sup> of both almost totally inhibited the mycelium growth of the pathogen. Inhibitory effect of SA and ASA on the formation of red pigment in wounded scales of Hippeastrum may be caused by lowered biosynthesis and accumulation of jasmonates.
Highlights
Various organs of Hippeastrum infected by Phoma narcissi infested by mite, Steneotarsonemus laticeps or mechanically wounded produce red pigment on the surface of injured tissues (Saniewska 1998)
The aim of the present work was to study the effect of salicylic acid and acetylsalicylic acid, on red pigment formation in wounded scales of Hippeastrum bulbs and on the growth and development of Phoma narcissi in vivo and in vitro
Salicylic acid (SA) at a concentration of 1 mM and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) at a concentration of 1 and 2 mM substantially inhibited the formation of red pigment in wounded scales, mostly in first 2 days after treatment (Table 1)
Summary
Various organs of Hippeastrum infected by Phoma narcissi infested by mite, Steneotarsonemus laticeps or mechanically wounded produce red pigment on the surface of injured tissues (Saniewska 1998). After mechanical injuries, when intensive reddish colouration is developed on scales and basal plate of Hippeastrum, the fungus P. narcissi does not induce disease symptoms (Saniewska 1992). Hormonal control of the induction of the red pigment and its biosynthesis mechanism in wounded tissue of Hippeastrum is unknown. Rapid increase in endogenous levels of jasmonates, mainly jasmonic acid (JA), was observed after mechanical wounding of different plant organs, pathogen infection, insect attack, as well as under osmotic stress conditions (Creelman and Mullet 1995). Wounding induces an expression of defense-related genes involved in plant responses to a pathogen or insect attack, what causes the accumulation of specific proteins and secondary metabolites (Blechert et al 1995; Saniewski and Czapski 1999)
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