The Effect Of Rye Translocation T1BL.1RS on economically valuable traits of winter common wheat varieties

Abstract

There have been studied new promising winter common wheat varieties ‘Ambar’, ‘Premiera’ and ‘Ermak’, the leading variety according to the area occupied in the Rostov region. The variety ‘Don 107’ was used as a standard according to reserve protein loci to identify introgression of genetic material from rye, and there has been studied the effect of the translocation T1BL.1RS on the severity of grain quality traits. The samples were grown in a competitive variety testing conducted in the department of winter wheat breeding and seed production of the ARC “Donskoy” in 2017-2019. Estimations, records, and observations were carried out in accordance with the methodological instructions of the State Variety Testing of agricultural crops. In order to identify rye translocations, there has been used the method of electrophoresis of alcohol-soluble reserve proteins in an acidic medium in a starch gel. There has been determined that the mean productivity of the new promising variety ‘Ambar’ over the years of study exceeded the standard by 6%, and the variety ‘Ermak’ by 7%. The excess of maximum productivity was 5% and 23%, respectively, over the standard and the leading variety. The variety ‘Premiera’ has had mean productivity higher by 13 and 14% compared to the standard ‘Don 107’ and the variety ‘Ermak’, respectively. There has been established a maximum productivity excess to the standard and the leading variety by 3% and 9%. At the same time, their flour strength and SDS-sedimentation were 63% and 60%, 102% and 97%, respectively. According to protein and gluten percentage in grain, the varieties ‘Ambar’ and ‘Premiera’, like ‘Don 107’ and ‘Ermak’ have fallen into the same quality group of class 3, being characterized with valuable grain. An important advantage of the ‘varieties Ambar’ and ‘Premiera’ is resistance to brown rust, yellow rust, stem rust and powdery mildew, since the translocation contains resistance genes to these diseases.