Abstract
Smart-grid rooftop solar electricity (SG rooftop PV) is an alternative sustainable energy resource. This research was conducted in the Central Highlands of Vietnam (CHV) in light of the different levels of retail electricity pricing, the sunshine duration, and the implementation of a feed-in-tariff system, in order to calculate the financial indicators (FIs) of SG rooftop PV, which would supply investors, companies supplying SG rooftop PV, and policymakers with useful information. The FI values were calculated based on the net present value, the payback period, and the internal return rate. The results show that the electricity retail price level affects the FI of SG rooftop PV. SG rooftop PV is installed to satisfy higher electricity consumption levels, which attracts a higher retail electricity price. As a result of the greater benefits, especially if SG rooftop PV is installed and the highest level of electricity (exceeds 400 kWh) is used to satisfy domestic consumption, users will recoup their investment in only four years and after that will enjoy free electricity. All the FI values derived from this research show that people in the CHV can derive benefits from installing SG rooftop PV.
Highlights
Conventional resources account for the majority of energy consumed by people throughout the world
The net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payback period (PBP) are estimated for each level of electricity consumption, where all electricity output is used for domestic consumption
When all the electricity output from a rooftop solar power system is used to satisfy domestic consumption, as shown in Table 4, the kWp of the rooftop solar power system can be estimated based on the level of electricity consumption, and the cost of electricity will represent the benefit derived from the system
Summary
Conventional resources account for the majority of energy consumed by people throughout the world. There are many constraints in using fossil-fuel resources These will be exhausted in the future due to the rapidly increasing energy demand [3], and Shafiee and Topal (2009) forecasted that crude oil stocks would be exhausted in around 35 years from 2005, with natural gas stocks being exhausted in 37 years, whereas coal stocks would be exhausted in 107 years. Hydropower dams have given people many benefits, including electricity supply, control of floods, and land irrigation. In Vietnam, the construction of hydropower dams has necessitated the appropriation of 133,930 hectares of land and the relocation of over 200,000 people, involving the evacuation of 44,557 homes [14]. Electricity shortages are likely to happen, in the hot season, especially from 2020 onwards [17]
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