Abstract
The construction of a special welding fixture has allowed the welding of an aluminium alloy to be performed under variable levels of restraint. It has normally been assumed that conditions of high restraint are most conducive to solidification cracking. This reasoning has no doubt evolved, in part, from the well defined behaviour of cold cracking in steels, assumed to apply equally to hot cracking. The difference is that cold cracking is caused by residual stresses after welding, whereas hot cracking is caused by local strains during welding. Experimental evidence in this study has demonstrated that conditions of low restraint are most likely to result in solidification crack initiation and growth. This can be explained in terms of the large outward displacement of material under these conditions. In this paper, the restraint intensity of simple aluminium weld construction will be considered, and the restraining conditions necessary for cracking will be summarized and quantified.
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