Abstract
AbstractThe objectives of the investigation were to determine specific hydraulic exchange rates that provide water in swim embayments that will meet fecal coliform standards for swimming, and to determine the water quality parameters that reflect rates of exchange of main channel waters with swim embayment waters. Bacteriology, water chemistry and hydraulic exchange rates were determined on three test swim embayments of good, acceptable, or unacceptable water quality. It was concluded that: (1) fecal coliform numbers may increase 50–100% above background even with high hydraulic exchange; (2) 93% of the embayment water must be exchanged every 24 h to meet coliform standards; (3) the ratio of fecal coliforms, turbidity, and temperature in swim waters to those same parameters in exchange waters is the most accurate way of assessing exchange; and (4) sediments act as a repository for enteric bacteria.
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