The effect of reflexology massage and passive music therapy intervention before burn dressing on pain, anxiety level and sleep quality

Abstract

BackgroundThe pain, anxiety, and sleep disorders that burn patients experience due to burn dressing negatively affect their treatment process. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of reflexology massage and passive music therapy intervention before burn dressing on pain, anxiety level and sleep quality. MethodsThis study was a randomized controlled trial. The study sample consisted of 36 patients who were hospitalized in the Burn Center of a University Hospital. After obtaining written consent, patients were enrolled to study according to inclusion criteria and then, divided into Reflexology Massage (n = 12), Reflexology Massage with Passive Music Therapy (n = 12) and Control (n = 12) groups using simple random allocation. In the experimental groups, in addition to standard care, interventions were performed for consecutive three days. Interventions were done before dressing for 40 min in the patient’s room. The control group received only standard care during this time. Severity of pain in three groups was measured using “Visual Analog Scale” twice a day (before dressing change and 2 h after dressing change). Severity of state anxiety and sleep quality in three groups was measured using “State Anxiety Scale” and “Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire” once a day (before dressing change). Severity of trait anxiety in three groups was measured using “Trait Anxiety Scale” for two times (before and after study). The drugs used by the patients for 3 days were recorded in the “Opioid and Analgesic Drug Form.” Data were analyzed using Pearson Chi-square, Independent Samples T-test, One-Way ANOVA, Bonferroni, Paired Sample T-Test, Repeated Measures ANOVA tests were used. ResultsThe results showed no significant difference in severity of pain, anxiety, and sleep quality (p > 0,05) between the three groups on the first day. However, the mean pain scores showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the third (p < 0,05) and fourth (p < 0001) days after intervention. Anxiety scores also showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups on the fourth (p < 0001) day. Sleep quality of the experimental groups was higher than the control group on the fourth day (p < 00001). No significant difference using of opioid and analgesic drugs between the three groups (p > 0,05). ConclusionsOur results showed reflexology massage and passive music therapy before burn dressing reduced pain and anxiety level, and increased sleep quality.