Abstract

AVO (amplitude variation with offset) and seismic attribute analyses often assume a flat model for the calculation of reflection angles from the offset distance. If the dip is not considered, the calculated AVA (amplitude variation with angle) will be incorrect in steeply dipping areas. Raytrace modeling and AVO analysis in this study indicates substantial muting of AVO attribute values for steeply dipping beds compared to more flat lying beds with similar rock properties. If dip above about 20° is present on a prospect, modeling should be done to understand its influence on AVO and other seismic attributes and the AVO analysis should include the structure. With increased dip, certain rock property contrasts produce reduced HCI and AVO signatures that could be mis-interpreted because they do not appear anomalous.

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