The effect of radiofrequency volumetric tissue reduction of soft palate on voice

Abstract

The surgical techniques used for snoring and OSA treatment include partial/complete resection or tissue reduction of the oropharyngeal structures such as uvula, tonsilla palatinas, soft palate, lateral pharyngeal tissues and tongue base. So it is predictable for these techniques to affect the resonating volume of the vocal tract and therefore the speech sounds. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether radiofrequency volumetric tissue reduction (RFVTR) of the soft palate can cause voice changes by altering the formant frequencies and fundamental frequency of vowels. A prospective study of 26 habitual snorers and mild obstructive sleep apnea patients (apnea-hypopnea index, <10 in all cases) were investigated before and 6 weeks after RFVTR. The patients received one Somnoplasty RFVTR treatment of 1,400 J per treatment session: 700 J into the midline and 350 J on each side of the soft palate with a maximum temperature of 80 degrees C. Acoustic evaluation was made by the Multidimensional Voice Program. The mean fundamental frequency (MF0) and the first three formant frequencies (F1, F2, F3) of four sustained vowels /a/, /e/, /i/ and /o/ were determined. Comparison between preoperative and postoperative acoustic analysis of the MF0 and F1, F2, F3 of sustained vowels revealed no significant change. The findings of the study indicate that RFVTR of the soft palate as a treatment for snoring and mild forms of OSA does not have a significant impact on the mean fundamental frequency and formant frequencies of vowels. These results seem to be important in management of patients with concerns about postoperative vocal quality, such as singers and professional speakers.