Abstract
The industrial sectors that produce synthetic chemicals and and polymers rely heavily on fossil resources. Rice straw is very abundant in Indonesia and can be used as a substitute for fossil resources to produce petrochemical precursors. It is known that cellulose component is the main source for LG formation. Due to high contain of cellulose, the potential of rice straw can be transform by pyrolysis to produce bio-oils and derivative products towards levoglucosan (LG) should be developed. Levoglucosan is an important intermediate compound as it can be convert to the precursor of bio-polymer adipic acid, bio-ethanol, etc. Nowadays it’s still rarely research focused on this mechanism route producing LG through pyrolysis. LG then can run into a further reaction and produce derivative products. In order to obtain the highest yield of LG in bio-oil, a condition that may inhibit the further reaction of LG during pyrolysis takes place. The factor of biomass source and composition, temperature, and holding time (adjusted by N2feed) most likely greatly affect the product composition formed at the end of pyrolysis. In this study, fast-pyrolysis of rice straw was performed in fixed-bed reactor (5 grams of biomass) under different temperature ranges (450 to 600 °C), N2flow rate (1200 to 1582 ml/min) to maximize the yield of LG. The content of LG on bio-oil was measured by GC-MS instrument. The maximum yield of LG (67.78% of area) was obtained at an optimal temperature of 500°C with holding time of 1.35 s.
Highlights
Production of chemicals and fuels from lignocellulosic biomass has gained attention as conventional resources are dwindling [1]
Cellulose content of 37% showed the predominant number among other constituent in rice straw i.e. hemicellulose (16.5%) and lignin (13.6%) [7]
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the main parameters of the biomass pyrolysis process on levoglucosan yield
Summary
Production of chemicals and fuels from lignocellulosic biomass has gained attention as conventional resources are dwindling [1]. The pyrolysis reaction of the cellulose component passes the route of the formation of levoglucosan and the sugar compound. With cellulose content up to 37% [7], rice straw is expected to produce the high yield of LG under the optimum temperature and holding time. Cellulose content of 37% showed the predominant number among other constituent in rice straw i.e. hemicellulose (16.5%) and lignin (13.6%) [7] There is another type of biomass that contains more cellulose components compared to rice straw, for example is cotton straw (45.5%), corn straw (42.7%), and bamboo (39.8%) which is certainly more potential sources as raw material to obtain the higher LG yield through a pyrolysis process [8,9]. The usage of rice straw as a pyrolysis feedstock is expected to reduce environmental problem
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