THE EFFECT OF PURIFIED AMOUNT OF TRITERPENE GLYCOSIDES AND THEIR ENRICHED EXTRACT FROM LEAVES OF SILPHIUM PERFOLIATUM L. ON THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS OF WINTER WHEAT AND THE ACTIVITY OF CATALASE IN THEM

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The effect of purified amount of triterpene glycosides (PATG) containing, as major components, oleanolic acid glycosides – sylphiosides B, C, E, G and extract (E) enriched with them from Silphium perfoliatum L. (Asteraceae) leaves on seed germination and catalase activity (EC 1.11.1.6) in them on two varieties of winter wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) was studied. It has been shown that, the treatment of seeds with PATG solutions at concentrations of 0.0005 and 0.001% and E at concentrations of 0.2 and 0.4% increases the intensity of their swelling within 48 hours after soaking by 3.1–5.2% compared to the control, which leads to an earlier achievement of the threshold levels necessary for the activation of metabolic processes. As a result of a study of changes in catalase activity in germinating seeds of winter wheat after 1, 3 and 7 days after soaking, it was revealed that the greatest effect of seed treatment with TG preparations in manifested after 1 and 7 days of observation, its value in relation to the control respectively is 25–35% and 35–55% depending on the variety. The stimulating effect of TG preparations on catalase activity in germinating seeds of winter wheat was established for the first time. Under the influence of treatment with TG preparations the germination energy and laboratory germination of seeds increase by 3–8 and 3–6%, respectively, depending on the variety. The data obtained make it possible to consider the total preparation of TG isolated from leaves of S. perfoliatum as promising growth promoters for pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds.