The Effect of Psychosocial Factors on Success Rates of Hepatitis C Treatment

Abstract

Our study was to determine which psychosocial factors interfere with patients reaching sustained virologic response (SVR), a marker for hepatitis C virus eradication. A retrospective chart review was performed between January 6, 2015 and February 24, 2016. The primary outcome was to assess which social and psychological factors may interfere with patients reaching SVR. SVR was defined as having an undetectable viral load 12 weeks after the completion of the treatment regimen. Bivariate analysis was followed by a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine significant factors for SVR. Depression and generalized anxiety disorder were included. A total of 204 patients completed treatment within the designated time frame and were included in the final analysis. Social or home support was associated with SVR (odds ratio = 7.0, p = 0.02). Cocaine use was also a significant factor predicting SVR. Historical cocaine use compared with active cocaine use during treatment was associated with an odds ratio of SVR of 39.3 (p = 0.04). Interestingly, historical cocaine use vs no history of cocaine use did not influence SVR. No history of depression or generalized anxiety disorder was associated with a higher rate of SVR (odds ratio = 10.4, p = 0.05). No depression/generalized anxiety disorder compared with untreated depression/generalized anxiety disorder was associated with a 13.1 times greater rate of SVR (p = 0.04). It is important to recognize and address psychosocial factors related to mental illness and active cocaine addictions before hepatitis C virus treatment. Furthermore, patients without home or social support are at greater risk for failing treatment, thus strategies to provide support during treatment are necessary.