Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of propolis solution on root surface treatment in cases of delayed tooth replantation following chemical or mechanical removal of the periodontal ligament. Material and methods: Maxillary right central incisors of 36 male rats (Wistar) were extracted, kept in a dry environment for 15 minutes and then distributed into six groups, as follows: mechanical-propolis and mechanical-fluoride (mechanical removal followed by immersion in 6% propolis and 2% sodium fluoride, respectively), mechanical (mechanical removal only), chemical-propolis and chemical-fluoride (chemical removal followed byimmersion in 6% propolis and 2% sodium fluoride, respectively), and chemical (chemical removal only). Following periodontal ligament removal, root canals were filled with calcium hydroxide paste and replanted. After 60 days, histological analysis with light microscopy was carried out to detect areas of dentoalveolar ankylosis and root resorption. Results: Results revealed that chemical removal of the periodontal ligament was associated with slightly better tissue repair findings when compared with mechanical removal. Conclusions: The use of 6% propolis solution encouraged tissue repair, while the 2% sodium fluoride solution combined with chemical removal resulted in a better-organized healing process, with less destruction of dentine when compared with the 6% propolis solution.
Highlights
IntroductionTooth avulsion has one of the least favorable prognoses of all types of dental trauma
Much research has been conducted recently on dentoalveolar traumas
The analysis and description of the slides focused on the following aspects: intensity of the inflammatory process, reinsertion of periodontal ligament fibers, presence/absence of replacement resorption; presence/absence of inflammatory resorption; presence/absence of ankylosis; bone tissue characteristics
Summary
Tooth avulsion has one of the least favorable prognoses of all types of dental trauma. At this age, maxillary central incisors are erupting, and the periodontal ligament has a loose structure surrounding the root, offering little resistance to extrusive forces [1,2]. The gold-standard treatment for avulsed teeth is immediate replantation, but this is not always possible; in the majority of cases, tooth replantation is delayed. This situation compromises prognosis, since the excessive time that the teeth spend in dry, extraalveolar environments may provoke necrosis of periodontal ligament cells. Storage of avulsed teeth in an appropriate medium until replantation and the initial approach adopted by the dental surgeon are extremely important for a successful treatment [3,4,5]
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