The effect of proinflammatory cytokine inhibtors on the course of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in a model experiment

Abstract

BACKGROUND: One of the most relevant areas of study of Perthes disease is the search and scientific justification of new targets for the treatment of osteodestructive processes. At the same time, an important link in the regulation of bone homeostasis is the cytokine system that affects the processes of differentiation and activation of osteoclasts through the RANK-RANKL-OPG signaling pathway. Inhibition of the biological action of proinflammatory cytokines in the early stages of aseptic necrosis is a promising direction in the study of antiresorptive therapy.
 АIM: To assess the effectiveness of monoclonal blockers of proinflammatory cytokines in the treatment of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in a model experiment on Wistar rats.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: A model experiment was performed on small animals (24 Wistar rats). All animals underwent surgical induction of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. The rats were divided into four groups: group 1 did not receive treatment, group 2 were administered a monoclonal IL-6 blocker, group 3 was administered a TNF binding inhibitor, and group 4, a monoclonal IL-1 blocker. Moreover, histological, X-ray, biochemical, and immunological studies were equally performed.
 RESULTS: We revealed the influence of monoclonal blockers of the biological action of proinflammatory cytokines on the processes of osteogenesis during the manifestation of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. The most favorable outcomes of the course of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in the form of greater preservation of the cartilaginous, bony structure were obtained in rats treated with a monoclonal blocker of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-6.
 CONCLUSIONS: Genetically engineered biological agents of receptor blockers of proinflammatory cytokines affect aseptic inflammation, especially during osteodestruction. Further studies of the properties of the IL-6 monoclonal blocker is a promising aspect in the study of its effect on bone metabolism disorders in osteolysis.