Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a disease that is indicated by the increasing level of cholesterol in the body and also as one of the factors causing cardiovascular disease. An alternative that can be done to prevent hypercholesterolemia is by consuming fermented milk. Skim milk is fermented using probiotic of Lactobacillus acidophillus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Streptococcus thermophilus. The skimmed milk that has been fermented is then tested for total lactic acid bacteria, total acid, pH, and in vivo analysis for antihypercholesterolemia activity using animal model. In this study, the animal models used were male white rats which were grouped into three treatment groups, namely negative control, positive control, and fermented milk group. The result of the study shows that the total lactic acid bacteria, total acid and pH of fermented skim milk were 5.25 x10 9 CFU/ml ; 2.190% and pH 4.06, respectively. From the results, fermented milk with probiotics has the ability to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood of male white rats effectively in vivo.
Highlights
Cholesterol is a type of fat which functions as a cell protector, help produce vitamin D, and form steroid hormones (Wang et al, 2018)
Probiotics can be used as antihypercholesterolemia therapy since probiotic bacteria can increase the secretion of Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) enzyme which enable the increasing excretion of bile acids (Naim, 2011; Gulzar et al, 2019)
The objective of this study is to discover whether fermented skim milk has antihypercholesterolemia activity on male white rats (Rattus novergicus)
Summary
Cholesterol is a type of fat which functions as a cell protector, help produce vitamin D, and form steroid hormones (Wang et al, 2018). One of the triggers for hypercholesterolemia is lifestyle changes and unhealthy eating patterns, such as highfat food consumption. Excess cholesterol in the blood will cause cardiovascular disease and stroke (Dokic et al, 2015). The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017 reported that cardiovascular disease is the world's first leading cause of death (Depkes RI, 2017). One of the safest alternatives is to change lifestyle by consuming functional foods that are able to control the amount of cholesterol in the blood, such as probiotic drinks. Probiotics are drinks containing probiotic bacteria which has health effects due to the fermentation process. Apart from that, probiotic bacteria produce cholesterol dehydrogenase cofactor which functions to activate the cholesterol reductase enzyme, converting cholesterol into cosprotanol
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