Abstract
Five kinds of iron oxides (Fe 2O 3) were prepared from iron alum and iron nitrate by using aqueous ammonia or urea; the surface and catalytic properties were studied. Iron oxide prepared from iron alum with urea exhibited pronounced catalytic activities for the ring-opening isomerization of cyclopropane and the dehydration of 2-butanol; the activity for the dehydration was about 100–400 times higher than those of the other iron oxides. The differences in the catalytic activity of those catalysts were attributed to the changes of acidic properties of the catalysts by different preparation methods. The preparation from iron alum with urea retained sulfate ion in the resulting oxide, while the other methods gave the pure iron oxide. This sulfate ion strongly enhances the acidic properties of the oxide. Infrared study revealed that sulfate ion interacts with iron oxide by a state different from iron sulfate. A model of active sites created by the interaction is proposed.
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