The effect of preoperative smoking and smoke cessation on wound healing and infection in post-surgery subjects: A meta-analysis.

Abstract

A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the preoperative smoking and smoke cessation on wound healing and infection in post-surgery subjects. A systematic literature search up to January 2022 incorporated 11 trials involving 218 567 subjects after post-surgery at the beginning of the study; 176 670 were smoke cessation or non-smokers, and 41 897 were smokers. Statistical tools like the dichotomous method were used within a random or fixed-influence model to establish the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the influence of preoperative smoking and smoke cessation on wound healing and infection in post-surgery subjects. Smoke cessation or non-smokers had significantly lower postoperative wound healing problems (OR, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.43-0.82, P < .001), and surgical site wound infection (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63-0.87, P < .001) compared with smokers in post-surgery subjects. Smoke cessation or non-smokers had significantly lower postoperative wound healing problems, and surgical site wound infection compared with smokers in post-surgery subjects. Furthermore, evidence is needed to confirm the outcomes.