The effect of populism on high-skilled migration: Evidence from inventors

Abstract

This study investigates the nexus between populism and inventor migration across 36 economies during the period of 1978–2012. The primary focus of our analysis lies in the examination of inventor migration due to its potential impact on innovation within an economy. By employing a gravity model, we analyse the relationship between populists gaining power in the destination economy and the influx of inventors. The findings of our study reveal that the ascension of populists in the destination economy leads to a decrease in the number of inventors immigrating. This suggests that the presence of populism in the destination economy poses challenges in attracting inventors. Moreover, we undertake a comparative analysis of right-wing and left-wing populism, uncovering notable effects linked to each ideological orientation. Right-wing populism has the potential to discourage inventor immigration in destination economies. However, the impact of left-wing populism on inventor migration is contingent upon whether the populist leaders govern in the origin or destination economy. Specifically, when a left-wing populist assumes power in the origin economy, inventors display a diminished inclination to emigrate to alternative destinations. Additionally, destinations governed by left-wing populists experience a reduced influx of immigrant inventors.