The Effect of Polishing Techniques on Surface Roughness of Two Different Denture Base Materials

Abstract

Background: Regarding acrylic resin, a direct link was found between surface roughness, plaque buildup, and microbial adhesion. However, the current polyamide material's surface characteristics are still debatable, especially after utilizing conventional polishing and finishing techniques. Heat curing acrylic resin makes it easy to evaluate the surface characteristics of each material and to follow advice for the best practices.
 Objectives: The aim of the current study is to evaluate and compare the surface Roughness of heat cure acrylic resin and flexible acrylic resin materials before and after different surface treatments.
 Material and Method: A total of (80) sample were prepared. These samples were divided into two main groups (made from heat cure acrylic resin and flexible acrylic resin). Each group contains (40) samples and were divided into four additional groups according to the surface’s polishing treatment. Each group of material have (10) specimens, the first group was polished with pumice, the second groups were polished with pumice and then glazed, the third group was polished with investment (Phosphate bonded investments) and then glazed, and the fourth group was glazed. A digital surface roughness tester meter (TR: 220) device was used to indicate the values of the roughness of specimens before and after surface polishing treatment.
 Results: The result of surface roughness of heat cure acrylic resin using t-test analysis revealed that a significance difference among all the study groups (p< 0.05). The result of surface roughness of flexible acrylic resin using t-test analysis revealed that a significance difference was reported between all the study groups (p< 0.05).
 Conclusion: It was concluded the surfaces roughness was decreased in the control group of (heat cure acrylic resin and flexible acrylic resin materials) when polished with pumice, while it was increased in the experimental groups after polished with glaze material. Compared to pumice and burning investment materials, the polishing material (light cure glaze) is noticeably rougher.