Abstract
It is suggested that, when an SnO 2/Si electrode is coated with platinum, one of the main causes of the increase in the catalytic activity for the reduction of oxygen might be the formation of Sn 4+. It is presumed that the four-electron reduction of oxygen takes place on Sn 4+. Sn 4+ is produced by the interaction between the SnO 2/Si electrode and the platinum coating; the platinum is present either in the Pt 2+ or in the Pt 4+ valency state. It is thought that the two-electron reduction of oxygen takes place on Pt 2+ or on Pt 4+. Furthermore, it was found that, in multilayered platinum coatings containing an increased quantity of platinum, a large amount of platinum(0) is present. Previously it had been concluded that the four-electron reduction of oxygen takes place on platinum(0). Accordingly, the activity of the platinum coating itself is suggested to be another cause of the increased catalytic activity of the platinum-coated SnO 2/Si electrode compared with that of the SnO 2/Si electrode for the reduction of oxygen.
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