Abstract
The present study was carried out at Wadi El Natrun district, El-Behera Governorate during season 2019–2020. In a field study, the effect of two planting dates and three rates of nitrogen fertilizer on a population of Legume aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch) (Homoptera: Aphididae), in faba bean (Vicia faba, L.)were investigated. The results show that the higher occurrence of the aphid was recorded on the early planting date than the recommended one. The combination effect of climatic factors and plant age on aphid population density was presented as explained variance which was 75 and 74% in the early and recommended planting dates respectively. The population densities of aphid were significantly lower on faba bean plants fertilized with the lowest rate of nitrogen fertilizer (75 kg feddan−1), compared with those fertilized with recommended and highest rate (100 and 125 kg feddan−1 respectively) in both early and recommended planting dates. These results indicate that the recommended planting date and moderately plant nutrition can help plants to avoid insect pests infestation.
Highlights
In developing countries, faba bean is used as human and animal food, while in rich countries they are used as animal food
Faba bean crop is liable to infestation by many insect pests, in the worldwide aphids are the most dangerous insect pests on crops, it is cause damage either by direct feeding by sucking plant sap or by the transmission of plant viruses and honeydew (Pickett et al, 1992)
Because the farmers' lack of commitment to planting dates and the recommended fertilization rates, which have an impact on the levels of insect pests infestation on the crops, this research aims to evaluate the effect of two planting dates and three rates of nitrogen fertilizer on the aphid population density on faba bean in the field to avoid this injurious pest infestation and reduce the application of chemical pesticides
Summary
Faba bean is used as human and animal food, while in rich countries they are used as animal food. In Egypt, faba bean is one of the most important leguminous crops, as it is used as vegetables, dried, or eaten green (Mohamed 2003). Faba bean crop is liable to infestation by many insect pests, in the worldwide aphids are the most dangerous insect pests on crops, it is cause damage either by direct feeding by sucking plant sap or by the transmission of plant viruses and honeydew (Pickett et al, 1992). Aphids are among the most dangerous insect pests that affect crops in Egypt (El-Defrawi et al 2000). Planting date is an important factor for crop production as well as aphid infestation level. The population density of A. craccivora was significantly affected by the planting date (Hassanein 1994)
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