The effect of planting date and agriculture media on vegetative and flowering growth, the percentage of volatile oil of the flowers Viola tricolor L

Abstract

The study was conducted in a cloth canopy, Department of Hortiagriculture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agriagriculture, University of Basra, Garma Ali's, for the agricultural season 2020-2021, to determine the effect of planting date and agriculture media, on some vegetative and flowering characteristics of Viola tricolor L., and the percentage of its volatile oil. The study was carried out using a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with two factors, the first factor was planting date 10/15 and 11/15, the second factor was five means, included Loam (Z), 2 Loam: 1 animal fertilizers (2Z:1C), 3 Loam: 1 animal Fertilizers (3Z:1C), 2 Loam: 1 peat moss (2Z:1P), 3 Loam: 1 peat moss (3Z:1P). The statistical program GenStat was used to analyze the data statistically, the means were compared according to the Least Significant Difference (L.S.D) test at the 0.05 probability level. The results showed that the first date was significant, on plant height, leaves number, branches number and leaf area, it gave the highest values (25.87 cm, 65.07 leaf plant-1, 9.53 branch plant-1, 365.6 cm2 respectively), number of flowers per plant, percentage of oil and refractive index (63.40 flower plant-1, 0.4911% and 1.3482, respectively).