Abstract
The complete removal of bacterial plaque and their endotoxins in deeper areas of periodontal pockets is often difficult to achieve with conventional methods such as periodontal pocket curettage. An alternative to these methods that recently gained popularity in periodontology is the diode laser, with its antibacterial effect, angiogenesis promotion as advantages. This study included 100 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, with periodontal pockets up to 6 mm, and who were divided into two groups: patients treated with basic therapy and diode laser application, and patients treated with basic therapy and with flap surgery. The clinical periodontal evaluation was done before the treatment and 6 months after the treatment. Evaluation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 as an inflammatory indicator in gingival exudate was done with dipstick immunoassay test before the treatment and 6 months later. This study showed a more pronounced improvement of periodontal clinical parameters, as well as a decrease in MMP-8 values in gingival exudate in the laser-treated group compared with the surgically treated group. The results of this study are encouraging for the use of the diode laser as a noninvasive method in the treatment of periodontal pathologies.
Highlights
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of bacterial etiology from dental plaque.[1]
This study showed a more pronounced improvement of periodontal clinical parameters, as well as a decrease in matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) values in gingival exudate in the lasertreated group compared with the surgically treated group
The treatment with diode laser showed to be more effective in improvement of all clinical parameters, such as pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), and the level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-8
Summary
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of bacterial etiology from dental plaque.[1] Inflammation of the gingiva is a consequence of the initial lesions of the gingival epithelium caused by dental plaque microorganisms and triggering a range of reactions, such as cell infiltration, vascular changes, and changes in connective tissue elements and intercellular matter.[1,2] It is important to detect initial signs of periodontitis for preventing the progression of this disease.[3,4] Saliva is a reliable medium that reflects periodontal health and is accessible by identifying periodontal biomarkers. Saliva is a very useful tool for monitoring oral and systemic health.
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