The effect of Pauttika honey and Orlistat on Histological Evaluations of Liver, Kidney and Adipose tissue in high-fat diet-induced Obesity in Charles Foster male rats

Abstract

Background: Honey's weight-reducing, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective properties have been demonstrated. Orlistat, a FDA-approved medicine for obesity control, have adverse effects. Honey is a rich source of nutrients with antiobesity (Medohara) and sacrificant (lekhan) qualities, which help to reduce Pitta, Kapha, and Medas; is suggested in diabetic control. In this study, Pauttika honey is studied against biochemical markers and histological manifestations in visceral organs of high-fat diet-induced obese Charles Foster rats. No research was identified on the effect of Pauttika honey (a specific kind of honey described in Ayurveda) on obese rats' liver, kidney, and adipose tissues. An article on the biochemical analysis of this honey (new and old ) has been already published. Objective: Evaluate the effects of Pauttika honey and Orlistat on high-fat diet-induced fatty changes in obese Charles Foster rats. Methods: This study examines male Charles Foster rat histopathological alterations. 24 male Charles Foster rats with a mean weight of 181±15gm were divided into four groups of six. High-fat diets (HFD) for 8 weeks caused obesity in three groups. After that, Pauttika honey mixed with equal amounts of water (Madudaka) and Orlistat were given to two groups for 6 weeks. The HFD was maintained throughout the experiment, except in the NC group, which ate standard chow. On the last day of the 14th week, the animals were sacrificed and the Liver, kidney, heart, spleen, and lungs were weighed. The liver, kidney, and adipose tissues were preserved in 10% formalin for histopathology. Results: Rats’ relative organ weight (ROW) showed no significant alterations. Histology of liver tissues showed micro and macro steatosis and ballooning degeneration in the HFD group, while Pauttika honey and orlistat both showed improvement in fatty changes but it was better in the Pauttika group. Kidney and adipose tissues showed no morphological or structural abnormalities. Conclusion: This study shows that Pauttika honey mixed with water (Madudaka) protects the livers of obese rats. Histology suggests Pauttika honey is efficacious and safer than Orlistat for HFD-induced obesity.