The effect of organospecific peptides on morphological changes in kidneys of rats with ischemia-reperfusion kidney injury.

Abstract

Background. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) accounts for a significant number of acute kidney injury cases in humans. It calls forth the search of novel therapies able to prevent progression and improve prognosis by the protection of tubular cells and restoration of tubular function. Objective. To study the histopathological changes in kidneys of rats with I/R with estimation of the renoprotective potential of the organospecific peptides — peptide kidney complex (PKC), synthetic peptides AED, EDL and AEDG. Methods. The study was conducted on 42 non-linear rats. Renal I/R was modeled by the clamping of both renal pedicles during 60 min following by 24-hour reperfusion. Documentation of the pathological processes was performed by the computer morphometry of objects in histological preparations. Results. Development of the I/R kidney injury resulted in the significant pathological changes in kidney tissue: coagulative necrosis of the 54±3.2% epithelial cells of proximal tubules with the signs of hydropic vacuolization or ballooning degeneration in the rest of cells; 35±2.2% of glomeruli are swollen, some are deformed. In the medulla tubular lumen are dilated and filled with hyaline casts, vascular plethora, hemorrhages and subendothelial edema are found. Use of organospecific peptides PKC, EDL and AEDG contributes to the restraint of the histopathological changes, which is confirmed by the decrease of the prevalence and severity of tubular necrosis and dystrophy. Peptide EDL also prevents the injury of glomeruli. Conclusion. Obtained results verify the more significant protective effect of synthetic peptides EDL and AEDG, less marked mitigation of injury under the influence of PCK along with the absence of significant improvement of kidney histopathology in case of peptide AED use.