Abstract
The paper investigates the effect of surface modification of fumed nanosilica with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) on the kinetics and thermal stability of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin. In the course of the investigation, nanoparticles were modified with APTES in the ratio 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 part by weight (PBW) per 100 PBW of SiO2. The parameters of curing kinetics of the resin, the conversion degree and its thermal stability were determined with use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The effect of nanosilica silanization on the curing process of resin was evaluated by determining the gel time at 100 °C and the activation energy (Ea) of the cross-linking process, the initial and final temperature of the reaction (Tonset, Tendset), the maximum value of the exothermic peak (Tp), the amount of emitted heat (ΔHTp) and the conversion degree (αTp) that responds to Tp. With the maximum level of silica modification, we have noted a decrease in the reactivity of the resin, which is manifested by a slightly longer gel time of the resin as well as an increase in the value of activation energy of the cross-linking process. It is accompanied by a slight decrease of resin conversion degree αTp. The modification of silica, regardless of the amount of silane inoculated on its surface, results in the increase in the thermal stability of UF resin.
Highlights
As an interdisciplinary science, nanotechnology has been applied to investigations on the manufacturing and surface finishing of wood-based materials
Taking into the account the fact that fillers used in the production of plywood are characterized by considerable hygroscopicity and capacity to absorb water, in our investigations we determined the effect of the amount of applied APTES on the water absorption capacity of silica
Further growth in the amount of APTES up to 5 part by weight (PBW) reduced water absorption capacity by 38 %. From these findings we can infer that the amount of APTES applied on the surface of silica should not exceed 3 PBW/100 PBW of SiO2
Summary
Nanotechnology has been applied to investigations on the manufacturing and surface finishing of wood-based materials. The effect of silanization of fumed silica nanoparticles on the reactivity of adhesive mixtures made from UF resin and nanoSiO2 was determined based on the gel time at 100 °C and the value of activation energy of the cross-linking process.
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