The effect of non-surgical and surgical mechanical root debridement on infrabony defects: a retrospective study

Jad Majzoub,Ali Salami,Hsun-Liang Chan,Hom-Lay Wang,Lorenzo Tavelli,Shayan Barootchi

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99205-z

Abstract

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the outcomes of non-surgical and surgical mechanical root debridement for the treatment of infrabony defects and explore potential prognostic factors. Treated infrabony defects followed for at least 1 year were selected. All data pertaining to the clinical outcomes were recorded. Multi-level regression analysis and Cox Proportional-Hazards Models were used to assess the immediate (3–6 months) clinical outcomes, survival of the treated teeth, and factors influencing these results. 132 patients were included in the analysis. The analysis showed 1.42 ± 1.71 and 2.23 ± 1.64 mm in pocket depth (PD) reduction, 0.13 ± 1.83 and 0.08 ± 1.76 mm in clinical attachment level (CAL) gain, and 1.29 ± 1.56 and 2.15 ± 1.33 mm increase in gingival recession (REC) for the non-surgical and surgical groups, respectively. The 5-year survival rates were 93% for the non-surgically and 90% for the surgically treated teeth. Several factors affected clinical outcomes and tooth survival. Within its limitations, the treatment of infrabony defects with non-surgical and surgical mechanical root debridement was found to result in moderate but significant PD reduction, nevertheless, this may also be attributable to the resultant REC.

Highlights

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the outcomes of non-surgical and surgical mechanical root debridement for the treatment of infrabony defects and explore potential prognostic factors
This retrospective study selected all patients that had undergone active periodontal therapy (APT) including non-surgical mechanical debridement alone or followed by surgical mechanical root debridement for infrabony defects followed by supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), between January 1980 and December 2018 at the School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
The present study demonstrated that non-surgical and surgical mechanical debridement of teeth associated with infrabony defects result in moderate significant pocket depth (PD) reduction [mean average: 1.42 mm (SRP group); 2.23 mm (OFD group)]

Summary

Introduction

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the outcomes of non-surgical and surgical mechanical root debridement for the treatment of infrabony defects and explore potential prognostic factors. A large number of studies have evaluated the effect of periodontal regeneration for infrabony defects and shown positive clinical and radiographic o utcomes[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12], as well as histological evidence of new cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone regeneration[13,14] This treatment modality presents some challenges, such as additional material c osts[4], patient m orbidity[15], and being technique sensitive. The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical outcomes and survival of teeth associated with infrabony defects treated with non-surgical or surgical mechanical debridement alone, and to assess potential factors affecting the results. The following study aims were examined: (1) the immediate short-term (3–6 months) clinical outcomes

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion