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Abstract
Power cycles in the fossil energy, nuclear, and concentrated solar industries, using pure supercritical CO2 (sCO2) as the working fluid, have been proposed that offer significantly improved conversion efficiency and lower levelized cost of electricity over current power systems. High creep strength nickel-base alloys are proposed for use at the higher temperature portions of the power cycles. In this study a series of Ni-xCr model alloys (where x = 5, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24) were exposed to both sCO2 at 700°C/200 bar for 1500 h and atmospheric pressure CO2 at 700°C for over 5000 h. In both tests, all Ni-Cr alloys, even the low-chrome Ni5Cr alloy, maintained low oxidation rates and chromia scales. For CO2+H2O+O2 mixtures at 750°C/1 bar, all alloys except Ni5Cr exhibited low oxidation rates and chromia scales. However, in other environments (air at 700°C/1 bar and steam at 700°C/200 bar) more Cr was needed to maintain low oxidation rates and chromia scales. This result shows that Ni-Cr alloys appear to be quite robust with respect to oxidation resistance in the pure and predominantly CO2 environments found in sCO2 power cycles.
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