Abstract
The use of various types of neutralising materials in the cultivation of standard planting material of high-quality forest wood species has a significant effect on substrate acidity. Therefore, the study sets a goal to select peat substrates with different dosages of the neutralising component and determine their effect on the reaction of the peat substrate medium. The paper presents the results of the influence of neutralising materials of dolomitic meal and chalk of various doses with the use of mineral fertilisers. Dolomitic meal was used as a neutralising component, the pH of the peat substrate was 6.6 and chalk was 7.5. It was found that when neutralising a peat substrate created based on high-moor milled peat (pH 2.5) with the introduction of dolomitic meal in doses of 2-4 kg/m3 (European spruce), 3-4. 5 kg/m3 (Scots pine), optimal acidity can be achieved in a month. An increase in the concentration of lime material was recorded, which leads to an increase in the neutralisation of the substrate at a dose of 2.5 g and 3.0 g per 125 g of peat. The best indicators were demonstrated by options of doses of 1.5-2.5 g per 125 g of peat for 7-8 days of use and a dose of 3.0 g per 125 g of peat for 5-6 days compared with the control. An increase in the concentration of chalk in the neutralising material from 30% to 70% leads to a faster deoxidation of the substrate (pH 3.2), and an increase in the dosage of chalk increases substrate neutralisation. The electrical conductivity of the substrate at a dosage of 6-8 kg/m3 when applying chalk and dolomitic meal increases by 1.6-2.0 and 1.2-1.4 times, respectively. At the rate of application of 6-10 kg/m3, it has a lesser effect on the change in the electrical conductivity of the high-moor peat, and the introduction of dolomitic meal 2-4.5 kg/m3 into the milled peat during neutralisation does not lead to a change in the electrical conductivity of the peat. This data allows choosing neutralising materials of a certain concentration that will enable the cultivation of standard planting material of European quality and thereby ensure the proper quality of future stands
Highlights
In the 21st century in the Republic of Belarus, highmoor peat, enriched with the necessary nutrients and pre-neutralised, is used in containers for preparing the substrate for the cultivation of standard seedlings [1,2,3]
It was found that when neutralised with dolomitic meal, the maximum pH value in the KCl of the peat substrate reaches 6.6, while when neutralised with chalk – 7.5
An increase in the concentration of chalk in the neutralising material from 30% to 70% leads to a faster deoxidation of the substrate, which is conditioned by the fact that the reaction of the medium in the peat substrate is established after a 10-day interaction with dolomitic meal and a 7-day interaction with chalk
Summary
In the 21st century in the Republic of Belarus, highmoor peat, enriched with the necessary nutrients and pre-neutralised, is used in containers for preparing the substrate for the cultivation of standard seedlings [1,2,3]. Technical problems are associated with the use of lines for filling cassettes and sowing seeds, and with technical means of observing the elements of growing technology These problems can be solved at the level of the equipment manufacturer, provided that the entire line of equipment is assembled by one manufacturer, or there is a risk of the inconsistency of individual components, which can be expressed in a decrease in the quality of filling cassettes or sowing seeds, violation of growing regimes. When using peat as a substrate for growing seedlings, it is necessary to take into account the influence of the entire organic complex of peat mass as a carrier of a wide variety of physiologically active substances, which manifests itself mainly in stimulating the growth processes of vegetative organs, intensifying protein metabolism and in the relative inhibition of the synthesis of a complex of carbohydrate substances [8; 9]
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