Abstract

In the era of Internet technology, new applications are developed everyday requiring continuous and seamless connections. This urges for access availability solutions to the new scenarios. One of the critical architecture is the Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Mobility (MANEMO). However, the integration of Ad-hoc and NEMO technologies came out with many complications like redundant tunnels and the existence of multiple Exit Routers. This paper presents a scheme to discover and select the optimum gateway to improve the robustness and the performance of the network irrespective of the used routing protocol. The MANEMO Gateway discovery and selection scheme (MGDSS) extends the Tree Discovery Protocol and the Neighborhood Discovery protocol used by NEMO and Ad-Hoc to carry the necessary gateway selection parameters. To compare the effect of network’s size on the performance of the proposed scheme, the standard NEMO BSP and the Multi-homed MANEMO (M-MANEMO) approaches OPNET Modeler 14.5 was used. The results show that the average data packets dropped, the end-to-end delay and the throughput of the proposed MGDSS outperform those for the standard M-MANEMO and standard NEMO BSP.

Highlights

  • The Internet users and applications around the world are increasing in number

  • The Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) gives the node a chance to use the ad-hoc connection instead of communicating throughout the Mobile Routers (MRs) as the packets should go through many Home agents (HAs)

  • This paper discusses the effect of network size on the performance of the Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Mobility (MANEMO) Gateway Discovery and Selection Scheme (MGDSS) [8] compared to M-MANEMO and NEMO BSP

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Summary

Introduction

The Internet users and applications around the world are increasing in number. This is increasing the need of Internet resources and access points for different topologies and scenarios. Each as its advantages and drawbacks, [3] presented an integration between NEMO technology and the (MANETs) known as (MANEMO) to form scalable, global reachable, optimized network topologies. [4] presented an efficient multi-path selection approach for MANEMO (eMANEMO) to use it in Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) network. The path quality is used for selecting the best route between NEMO and MANET to achieve the highest performance for V2V communication network. This paper discusses the effect of network size on the performance of the MANEMO Gateway Discovery and Selection Scheme (MGDSS) [8] compared to M-MANEMO and NEMO BSP. The stored information at the MNN about the MANET gateways and the NEMO MRs are shown in Table 1 and 2 respectively

The level in the tree topology
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