The Effect of National Weekly COVID-19 Screening Testing of All Workers in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Decrease in Mortality

Abstract

Background: Outbreaks of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCFs) have resulted mainly from disease transmission by asymptomatic health care workers (HCW's). It is not known whether routine COVID-19 screening tests carried out on HCW's would reduce mortality of LTCF residents. Since mid-July 2020, the Israeli national LTCF defense program – "Senior Shield" - has used weekly COVID-19 PCR tests on all LTCF employees. Methods: A nationwide, government funded, screening program on all LTCF personnel for four months during the second COVID-19 wave. We evaluated differences between the two waves in the national LTCF's system with regard to hospitalizations and mortality. Estimation of national health system predicted outcomes, in the absence of this weekly screening plan, was calculated. Findings: COVID-19 tests were taken weekly in all 1,107 LTCFs which includes 62,159 HCWs and 100,046 residents. A median of 55,282 (range – 16,249) tests were performed each week. Turnaround time from sampling to result was less than 24 hours in 95% of tests. Compared to the first wave, in which 45.3% of national mortality was attributed to the LTCF's, the second wave saw a 33.8% reduction in this mortality ratio. Estimation of national health system outcomes during the second wave showed that the activation of the screening program reduced hospital load by 35% and prevented 30% of national mortality from COVID-19.Interpretation: Routine weekly COVID-19 PCR testing of all LTCF employees may reduce national hospitalizations and mortality.Funding Statement: None to declare. Declaration of Interests: None to declare.Ethics Approval Statement: The study was determined to be exempt by the Institutional Review Board of Soroka University Medical Center and thus informed consent was not required (0429-20-SOR).