Abstract
Background: Idiopathic Inflammatory bowel diseases remain chronic progressive major health problem with no effective line of treatment. The aim of this work is to study the protective effects of both N. acetylcysteine (NAC) and ginger in acetic acid induced colitis model. Material and methods: Fifty adult male Sprague Dawley albino rats were divided into five groups: control group (GI), group II (GII); acetic acid induced colitis group performed by giving 4% acetic acid intrarectally, group III (GIII); NAC treated rats from colitis, group IV (GIV); Ginger treated rats from colitis, and group V (GV); combined NAC and ginger treated rats from colitis. NAC and ginger were given by orogastric gavage. Histological and immunohistochemical studies using PCNA and i.NOS antibodies and morphometric analysis were performed. Results: Colitis model group (GII) showed extensive inflammatory degenerative changes including mucosal ulceration, sloughing of epithelial cells, decreased goblet cell number and inflammatory cellular infiltration with enhanced mucosal and submucosal fibrotic changes. Also, it showed decreased PCNA positive cells and increased inflammatory i.NOS immunoexpression. NAC mildly decreased the fibrotic changes, however, ginger clearly restored the structural degenerative changes with an obvious increase in PCNA and reduction of i.NOS immunoexpression. Moreover, the colitis group, treated with both NAC and ginger, revealed the best regenerative effects. Conclusion: Ginger showed superior protective effects than NAC as an anti-inflammmatory agent and a stimulant of epithelial regeneration.
Highlights
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), mainly Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are increasingly worldwide in their incidence and prevalence, posing a significant morbidity and poor quality of patient life [1]
Haematoxylin and Eosin stained sections: Sections in the colon of control group showed normal histological structure of the mucosa which was arranged into deep narrow spaced intestinal crypts, lined with both simple columnar epithelium and goblet cells, resting on a thin continuous layer of muscularis mucosa
Narrow submucosal layer separated the mucosa from the muscle layer and extended in the core of the colonic mucosal folds (Figures 1a and 1b)
Summary
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), mainly Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are increasingly worldwide in their incidence and prevalence, posing a significant morbidity and poor quality of patient life [1]. They are chronic progressive diseases with persistent inflammation of the bowel. The long-term use of the pharmaceutical drugs results in numerous side effects [8]. New therapies such as the nutritional ones, especially those with antioxidant properties are suggested for the treatment of such disorders. The aim of this work is to study the protective effects of both N. acetylcysteine (NAC) and ginger in acetic acid induced colitis model
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