The effect of multi-component interventions on the incidence rate, severity, and duration of post open heart surgery delirium among hospitalized patients

Banafsheh Tehranineshat,Nima Hosseinpour,Mahnaz Rakhshan,Arash Mani

doi:10.1186/s13019-021-01422-0

Banafsheh Tehranineshat, Nima Hosseinpour + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-021-01422-0

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Abstract

BackgroundDelirium is one of the prevalent complications of post open heart surgery. The present research aimed to assess the effect of multi-component interventions on the incidence rate, severity, and duration of post open heart surgery delirium among hospitalized patients.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, 96 patients under open heart surgery were selected using convenience sampling and divided into a control and an intervention group. The interventions included the patients’ preoperative education, nurses’ education, and in-ward environmental interventions. The demographic information and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaires were completed a day before surgery. The patients in both groups were also surveyed after extubation until the fourth day post operation using Delirium Observation Screening (DOS) scale considering the incidence, severity, and duration of delirium. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software, version 20.ResultsThe incidence rate of delirium was 14.6 and 6.2% in the control and intervention groups, respectively (p > 0.05). Besides, the mean severity of delirium was 0.53 in the control group and 0.40 in the intervention group (p > 0.05). Finally, the mean duration of delirium was 4.5 and 3.25 h in the two groups, respectively (p > 0.05).ConclusionsSince prevention of delirium can play a considerable role in the patients’ recovery after heart surgery, it is necessary to carry out some measures to prevent such complications. Even though the interventions performed in this study did not cause significant changes in this regard, the results suggested that prevention interventions should be performed with stronger and more integrated planning for achieving better outcomes.

Highlights

Delirium is one of the prevalent complications of post open heart surgery
The results of chi-square test indicated that the patients in the control and intervention groups were similar with respect to sex, place of residence, education level, occupation, history of suffering from underlying diseases, and type of surgery (Table 1)
The results of chi-square test revealed no significant difference between the control and intervention groups concerning the incidence of delirium (Table 3)

Summary

Introduction

Delirium is one of the prevalent complications of post open heart surgery. The present research aimed to assess the effect of multi-component interventions on the incidence rate, severity, and duration of post open heart surgery delirium among hospitalized patients. In spite of emphasis on improvement and prevention of risk factors, cardiovascular diseases are still supposed to be the main disability and mortality factor in developing countries [1]. Surgical interventions are still propounded as the elective treatment for some patients [2], and the number of patients under open heart surgery is increasing daily in industrial countries [3]. Heart surgery may be accompanied by several complications, among which delirium is prevalent with an incidence rate of 30–50% [4]. Delirium is recurrent, while dementia is not [7]

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Discussion

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